Dust Collector Types
Choose the right collector type based on shop size, tool count, and budget.
Last updated: 2026-02-27
Dust Collector Sizing Calculator
Determine the optimal dust collector size for your workshop based on shop dimensions, number of tools, and usage patterns.
CFM Calculation Motor HP Sizing Filter Area Tool Matching
Shop & Tool Information
Workshop Dimensions
ft
ft
Tools in Shop
Recommended Collector
Enter your shop details and select tools to get sizing recommendations.
Size your dust collector for your largest tool plus 20% safety margin. Consider future tool additions when selecting collector capacity.
How to Use This Calculator
- 1 Enter Shop Size Input your workshop length and width in feet.
- 2 Select Tools Check all stationary power tools in your shop from the checklist.
- 3 Set Simultaneous Use Select the maximum number of tools you run at the same time (typically 1-2).
- 4 Review Results Get recommended collector CFM, motor HP, filter area, and product recommendations.
Pro Tip: Most hobby shops run only one tool at a time. Set simultaneous use to 1 and close blast gates on all other tools to maximize airflow at the active machine.
| Type | CFM Range | HP | Best For | Price Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single-Stage Portable | 400-650 | 1-1.5 | Small shops, 1 tool | $200-$500 |
| Two-Stage Portable | 600-1200 | 1.5-3 | Medium shops, 2 tools | $500-$1,500 |
| Cyclone Separator | 800-1500 | 2-5 | Large shops, 3+ tools | $1,200-$3,000 |
| Industrial Cyclone | 1500-5000 | 5-15 | Production shops | $3,000-$15,000 |
CFM ratings are often inflated by manufacturers. Look for rated CFM at operating static pressure, not free air CFM.
Motor Horsepower Guide
Motor sizing depends on total CFM needed and system static pressure.
| Shop Type | Area (sq ft) | Recommended HP | CFM Delivered |
|---|---|---|---|
| Small Hobby | Under 200 | 1-1.5 HP | 400-600 CFM |
| Medium Hobby | 200-400 | 1.5-2 HP | 600-800 CFM |
| Large Hobby | 400-600 | 2-3 HP | 800-1200 CFM |
| Small Commercial | 600-1000 | 3-5 HP | 1200-2000 CFM |
| Production Shop | 1000+ | 5-15 HP | 2000+ CFM |
HP ratings assume standard ductwork. Long runs or many elbows may require larger motor.
Filter Area = CFM / Air-to-Cloth Ratio Collector Selection Tips
- Buy more capacity than you need — plan for future tool additions
- Check rated CFM at static pressure — not free-air CFM (often 30-40% lower)
- Upgrade to cartridge filter — 10x more area than standard bags
- Consider noise level — larger collectors are quieter at given CFM
- Plan ductwork first — layout affects collector size requirements
- Verify electrical supply — 3+ HP typically needs 240V
Glossary of Terms
Air and debris enter the impeller together. Simple, affordable, but impeller wears faster. Good for small shops with light use.
Debris separates before reaching impeller. Longer impeller life, better fine dust separation. Preferred for serious shops.
CFM divided by filter area in square feet. Lower ratio = better filtration. Target 10:1 or lower for wood dust.
Maximum resistance the collector can overcome, measured in inches of water gauge. Higher rating = better performance with long duct runs.
Filter particle capture size. 5 micron bags miss harmful fine dust. Upgrade to 1-micron or HEPA for health protection.
Frequently Asked Questions
What size dust collector do I need for a small shop?
A small hobby shop (under 200 sq ft) with 2-3 tools typically needs a 1-1.5 HP collector delivering 400-600 CFM. Use blast gates to run one tool at a time for maximum efficiency.
Single-stage vs two-stage: which is better?
Two-stage (cyclone) collectors separate debris before the impeller, extending motor life and improving fine dust collection. Worth the extra cost for shops with heavy use or multiple tools.
How important is the filter upgrade?
Critical for health. Standard 30-micron bags pass most harmful fine dust. Upgrade to 1-micron cartridge or canister filters. Fine dust under 10 microns causes serious lung damage over time.
Can I use a shop vac instead of a dust collector?
Shop vacs work for small hand tools but lack CFM for stationary power tools. They provide high suction but low airflow. A proper dust collector is essential for table saws, planers, and jointers.
How do I reduce dust collector noise?
Place collector outside or in a separate room. Use flexible hose connections to reduce vibration transfer. Larger collectors run quieter at equivalent CFM. Add sound insulation panels around the unit.